Management of adult-onset Still’s disease with interleukin-1 inhibitors: evidence- and consensus-based statements by a panel of Italian experts

Table 5 Efficacy of anti-IL agents (anakinra, canakinumab, and rilonacept) in refractory patients with AOSD: data from retrospective observational studies, nationwide survey, and clinical trials

Reference	Design	Study drug	Mean follow-up (months)	Number	Effective (%)	Remission (%)	Failure (%)
Naumann et al. [62]	RO	Anakinra	26.8	8	100	87.5	0
Laskari et al. [63]	RO	Anakinra	12	25	96	84	4
Riera et al. [64]	RO	Anakinra	112.85	5	100	100	0
Quartuccio et al. [65]	RO	Anakinra	22	10	90	NA	10
Iliou et al. [67]	RO	Anakinra	NA	10	100	NA	0
Gerfaud-Valentine et al. [68]	RO	Anakinra	27.8	6	83.3	83.3	16.6
Maria et al. [6]	RO	Anakinra	24	5	100	80	0
Maria et al. [6]	RO	Canakinumab	30	1	100	100	0
Cavalli et al. [70]	RO	Anakinra	60	20	80	70	20
Palmou et al. (abstract) [72]	RO	Anakinra	15.5	41	73	NA	26.8
Lenert and Yao [35]	RO	Anakinra	NA	5	100	NA	0
Toz et al. (abstract) [75]	RO	Anakinra	NA	7	NA	61	NA
Colafrancesco et al. [76]	RO	Anakinra	12	140	81.4	14.2	18.5
Colafrancesco et al. [76]	RO	Canakinumab	12	4	75	NA	25
Neel et al. [78]	RO	Anakinra	NA	5	80	NA	20
Lequerre et al. [60]	Nationwide survey	Anakinra	14.3	15	86.6	73.3	13.3
Giampietro et al. [66]	Nationwide survey	Anakinra	23	28	57	42.8	21.4
Rossi-Semerano et al. [73]	Nationwide survey	Anakinra	NA	35	60	55.8	40
Rossi-Semerano et al. [73]	Nationwide survey	Canakinumab	NA	2	50	50	50
Ortiz-Sanjuan et al. [71]	Nationwide survey	Anakinra	12	41	82.9	NA	17
Nordstrom et al. [18]	Clinical trial (RCT)	Anakinra	6	12	91.6	50	8.3
Henderson et al. (abstract) [61]	Clinical trial (POL dose escalation)	Rilonacept	24	5	60	NA	40
Feist et al. [33]	Clinical trial (post hoc analysis)	Canakinumab	3	29	83.3	22.2	16.7
Median global evaluation					83.3	70	16.65

abs conference abstract, AOSD adult-onset Still’s disease, NA not available, POL prospective open-label, RCT randomized controlled trial, RO retrospective observational

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